Ernest Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea - 1685 Words

â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea† by Ernest Hemingway follows an older Cuban fisherman named Santiago who struggles with a giant marlin, â€Å"the biggest fish he had ever seen and bigger than he had ever heard of† (Hemingway 63), far out in the Gulf Stream. Two days and two nights pass in this struggle. Santiago, completely worn out and almost in delirium, uses all the strength he had left in him to pull the fish onto its side and stab the marlin with a harpoon putting an end to the long battle between the old man and the tenacious fish. On his way back to the shore, sharks are attracted to the trail of blood left in the water by the marlin. By night, the sharks gnaw round the marlin leaving only its skeleton. Having reached the shore with the only marlin’s skeleton, he slumps onto his bed and enters a deep sleep and begins to dream about lions. The main character of the story, Santiago, is an old Cuban fisherman who is a perfectionist and precise when it comes to fishing. Despite his precise techniques, he has no luck at sea. â€Å"He is a strange old man, still powerful and still wise in all the ways of his trade† (Burhans 2).Santiago is patient and unique among the fisherman. He is in love with the sea and considers it a living thing with a personality. The young boy in the story, Manolin, is the apprentice of Santiago and he has concern for the old man. His parents prefer that he work with more successful fishermen, but later he chooses to be loyal to Santiago. The old man and the sea’sShow MoreRelatedErnest Hemingways The Old Man And The Sea1178 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"The Old Man and the Sea,† by Ernest Hemingway, the sea is an ever-present part of the setting. It provides the old man his profession and he finds solace in it during his isolated battle with the giant fish. He takes a different, and much more hopeful approach to going out on the sea than the young fishermen. Additionally, the old man recognizes weather and finds beauty and advantage in it, rather than seeing it as an obstacle. Furthermore, Santiago is so confident on the water that he believesRead MoreEssay Ernest Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea1381 Words   |  6 PagesErnest Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man and the Sea was written by Ernest Hemingway and published in 1952. This is a captivating fiction story about a man named Santiago and his adventure when one day, he goes on a fishing journey to catch the big one. However, this adventure quickly becomes one of pain and suffering when things take a turn for the worse. The Old Man and the Sea takes in place in Havana, Cuba and the fishing waters off the coast of Havana. The Spanish names,Read MoreErnest Hemingways the Old Man and the Sea1106 Words   |  5 PagesThe Old Man and the Sea includes many symbols and metaphors within the story line. Hemingway uses the technique of comparing two items as symbolism in his story to make this story personally unique and to share his point of view of many different worldly topics. Some of the metaphors Hemingway uses as symbols to relate the story to real life are the similarities between the marlin and life, life and the sea, and the poor and the rich. Ernest Hemingway wrote about the marlin as if it was a humanRead MoreTranscendentalism In Ernest Hemingways The Old Man And The Sea1727 Words   |  7 PagesThe Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway follows a small portion in the life of an old man named Santiago. Santiago has lived in the same town for many years working as a fisherman. He has had great success in the past, but recently has found himself catching very few fish. He meets a young boy who helps him prepare for his journies. The young boy helps care for Santiago and is greatly inspired by him. Santiago decides one day to take a voyage and catch fish. However, when he starts fishing, heRead MorePerseverance In Ernest Hemingways The Old Man And The Sea1379 Words   |  6 PagesThe Old Man and the Sea â€Å"But man is not made for defeat, he said. A man can be destroyed but not defeated. (Hemingway 103).† This quote, written by Ernest Hemingway in the short story The Old Man and the Sea, captures the theme perseverance in numerous ways. This quote describes when the old man Santiago was struck down physically, with the injuries of his hands and the pain of staying awake for a number of days. However, he mentally kept pushing forward, leading to his ultimate survival and hisRead MoreTranscendentalism In Ernest Hemingways The Old Man And The Sea906 Words   |  4 PagesErnest Hemingway is widely known for his unique characters in his stories called code heroes - however, his character Santiago from his novella The Old Man and the Sea would be better identified as a Transcendentalist. This is due to him expressing and demonstrating multiple key components of Transcendentalism including being one with nature, taking instruction from the past, inviting the future, and being sel f-reliant. Particularly, Santiago embraces the idea of being unified with the nature surroundingRead MoreAnalysis Of Ernest Hemingways The Old Man And The Sea852 Words   |  4 PagesThe will to keep on going even though there is a good chance of dying just to have a chance at getting something that might not be worth it. That is shown in the novella The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway. When the Old man who is known as Santiago decides to go fishing alone without the help of his friend who is a boy, and Santiago is greeted by a massive fish. That he then tries to kill since he has the massive fish hooked. The battle against Santiago ,and the fish lasted for days, whichRead MoreLuck And Fate In Ernest Hemingways The Old Man And The Sea987 Words   |  4 Pagesand fate play a huge role in the story The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway. Factors such as pride and ambition, with luck and fate, has proven to play a huge role. This was shown when Santiago was believed to no longer be lucky, not letting pride get in the way and letting fate decide what his next steps will be. Santiago has never been lucky when it comes to fishing, but that has never stopped him before. The book states â€Å"He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf StreamRead MoreMoving Past Triumphs and Tragedies in Ernest Hemingways The Old Man and the Sea727 Words   |  3 PagesIndividuals may look deep within to summon courage that is necessary to move past triumphs and tragedies. In Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea, Santiago struggles greatly to search for hope in seemingly hopeless situations. The idea that people look deep within to summon courage is portrayed through the actions of Santiago, Manolin, and Manolin’s parents. Santiago’s attitude seems to be that although he faces difficulties, he finds the strength inside of him to be able to overcome themRead MoreEssay about Hemingways Themes1593 Words   |  7 PagesHemingways Themes â€Å"Hemingway’s greatness is in his short stories, which rival any other master of the form†(Bloom 1). The Old Man and the Sea is the most popular of his later works (1). The themes represented in this book are religion (Gurko 13-14), heroism (Brenner 31-32), and character symbolism (28). These themes combine to create a book that won Hemingway a Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and contributed to his Nobel Prize for literature in 1954 (3). â€Å"Santiago’s ordeal, first in his

Effective Communication Between Health Care Physicians And...

Effective communication in healthcare promotes patient care. Communication in health care does poses barriers. For example, the emotions, attitudes and personalities of each health professional does present a threat to effective communication. The article is on a research proposal highlighting how emotional intelligence and social awareness removes communication barriers. For, an individual with a high level of emotional intelligence would control their emotion when confronted with conflict. In addition to emotional intelligence, social awareness promotes mindfulness of one’s surrounding. Mindfulness in turn provides a powerful tool in breaking down communication barriers in healthcare. To test the effectiveness of emotional intelligence†¦show more content†¦Therefore, communication skills are important for all healthcare professionals to cultivate. For poor communication will break down a team (Savel Munro, 2016). Thus forth, the question we need to answer is how ph ysicians and nurses negotiate power in communication to work as a team? Communication between physicians and nurses. A nurse provides consistent bedside assistance toward patients and follows order from physicians. Lesley fudge relates nurses are deemed as â€Å"Cinderella of healthcare† the â€Å"Second-class healthcare workers† (2006). Therefore, nurses feel intimidated when communicating with a physician. In addition, to feelings of intimidation, nurses are consumed with stress from nurse shortages, increase load of responsibilities (Fudge, 2006), and colleagues conflict (Riley Manias, 2006). A journal article published in 2015 entitled â€Å"Managing and mitigating conflict in healthcare teams: an integrative review† stated that â€Å"In the USA, 53% of nurses reported conflict as common and contributing to practice errors† (Almost, Wolff, Stewart-Pyne, McCormick, Strachan D’Souza, 2015). Therefore, how do physicians and nurses presume a collaborative partnership? Emotional intelligence or EI is defined as â€Å" The ability to deal effectively with others, read others’ emotions and learn to act accordingly (Almost et al., 2016). Therefore, an individual with a high level of EI demonstrates an assertive and empathetic communication style (Almost et al.,Show MoreRelated The importance of Effective Communication in Health-Care637 Words   |  3 PagesEffective communication continues to be paramount footing that brings out the naked image of the conveyed message when caring is delivered in the health care system. It is also considered the most efficient way to assure quality and safety patient care with optimistic health outcomes (LaValley, 2008). According to McCaffrey et al., (2010) findings nurses should use emphatic aptitude and clear communication skills to work, as part of a multidisciplinary team and this feature should be incorporateRead MoreEffective Communication Between Nurses And Nurses1200 Words   |  5 Pagesexamine effective communication between the doctor and nurse working together to provide high quality, safe care. Nurses use a wide range of effective communication strategies and interpersonal skills to appropriately establish, maintain, re-establish and terminate the nurse-client relationship (College of Nurses of Ontario [CNO], 2009). While nurses and physicians are key members of the health care team facilitate quality care, many studies show breakdown in nurse-physician communication remainsRead MoreEvaluation Of The Joint Commission On The Accreditation Of Ho spitals1324 Words   |  6 Pagesthree-quarters of hospitals cited communication break down and teamwork problems as a major reason for these deaths. The practice of teamwork and collaboration as a unit in patient care is especially important for the role as a professional nurse as it can make the job itself easier and more efficient. When teamwork is emphasized and valued in nursing the overall patient outcome is strongly enhanced. It is crucial all team members involved in the patient’s care work together and communicate effectivelyRead MoreCommunication Is Not Just A Verbal Form1667 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Communication is defined as the imparting or interchange of thoughts, opinions, or information by speech, writing, or signs. One study states that 93% of communication is more affected by body language, attitude, and tone, leaving only 7% of the meaning and intent based on the actual words (Hughes, 2008). Communication is not just a verbal form; when the practice managers are facing difficulties communicating with physicians, they consider nonverbal communication. To avoid confrontationRead MoreCollaboration Among Different Professions Is A Key To A1600 Words   |  7 PagesCollaboration among different professions is a key to a positive prognosis in health care settings. To properly prepare the health care providers for collaborative practice, the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative (CIHC) developed a national interprofessional (IP) competency teamwork, which identifies six essential competencies. One key competency is interprofessional communication. It is defined as â€Å"learners/ practitioners understand their own role and the roles of those in other professionsRead MoreThe importance of Effective Communication in Health-Care1684 Words   |  7 Pagesbarriers have been one of the identified causes of many health problems, including timely and appropriate care, exacerbating existing conditions, and precipitating new ones. In addition to culturally appropriate education, interpreting is one of the approaches commonly used to help bridge the language gap for patients and practitioners. Interpreters are bilingual individuals that provide simultaneous interpretation between patients and medical care providers who do not share a common language (FinkeRead MoreThe Role Of A Nurse On An Interprofessional Team And The Challenges1065 Words   |  5 PagesInterprofessional team collaboration for professional nurses is viewed as a method to improve the care and safety for patients. However, interprofessional team collaboration presents both advantage s and challenges for nurses and other team members. One of the advantages is the coordination of care for the patient and the sharing of knowledge to improve the outcomes for the patient. Challenges for interprofessional team collaboration is: poor role-definition, miscommunication, conflict, lack ofRead MoreCommunication in Nusring698 Words   |  3 PagesEffective Communication Techniques in the Health Care Team Preceptor Experience Week One In this assignment I will throw light on my first clinical week that I had to observe the effective communication skills on the med surgical floor. As I started my day, the charge nurse was assigning patients to the dayshift. As the patients were assigned, the nurses started their shift report from the night shift in the break room. In this report, they discussed the patients diagnosis, previous medical historyRead MoreImportance Of Communication In Nursing854 Words   |  4 Pagesstudy of communication an im ­portant part of nursing education? Oral communication in healthcare is a continuous process and is extremely important for all those involved. Nurses relay relevant information to patients and their family, they are also responsible for updating the physician about the condition of their patients as well as nurse to nurse reporting. This communication is a fundamental part of the nursing process and can result in either quality effective care or ineffective care causedRead MoreThe Standards Of Nursing Practice1464 Words   |  6 PagesThis definition is particularly accurate when speaking of the sciences or in an intellectual content. Nursing is defined by the American Nurses Association as â€Å"the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.† (ANA, 2010). The multifaceted requirements needed to provide individualized attention

The Meaning of Holy Grail Free Essays

The Tradition: The Holy Grail was a vessel used by Christ at the Last Supper. Given to his grand-uncle, St. Joseph of Arimathea, it was used by him to collect Christ’s blood and sweat while Joseph tended him on the Cross. We will write a custom essay sample on The Meaning of Holy Grail or any similar topic only for you Order Now After Christ’s death, Joseph was apparently imprisoned in a rock tomb similar to the one he had given for the body of his grand-nephew. Left to starve, he was sustained for several years by the power of the Grail which provided him with fresh food and drink every morning. Later, St. Joseph travelled to Britain with his family and several followers. He settled at Ynys Witrin (Glastonbury), but the Grail was taken to Corbenic where it was housed in a spectacular castle, guarded always by the Grail Kings, descendants of Joseph’s daughter, Anna (Enygeus) and her husband, Brons. Centuries later, the location of the Great Castle of Corbenic became forgotten. At the Court of King Arthur, however, it was prophesied that the Grail would one day be rediscovered by a descendant of St. Joseph: the best knight in the land, the only man capable of sitting in the mysterious Siege Perilous. When such a man arrived in the form of Galahad, the son of Lancelot, along with a miraculous, though brief, vision of the Grail itself, a quest to find this holiest of relics began. Through many adventures and many years, the Knights of the Round Table crossed Britain from one end to another in their search. Perceval (Peredyr) discovered the castle in a land that was sickly like its spear-wounded King. When entertained by this â€Å"Fisher† or â€Å"Grail King†, however, he failed to ask of the grail and left empty-hand. Lancelot next reached Corbenic, but was prevented from entering because of he was an adulterer. Finally Galahad arrived. He was permitted entry to the Grail Chapel and allowed to gaze upon the great cup. His life became complete and together grail and man were lifted up to heaven. The Names: The Holy Grail first appears as simply â€Å"a grail† in the works of Chretien de Troyes. The word is probably derived from the Old French word graal meaning a â€Å"broad and capacious dish or salver†. Though usually thought of as being a cup or chalice, the Grail has indeed been variously described as a platter, dish, a cornucopia, horn of plenty or even a book or a stone. The name of the Castle of Corbenic has competing explanations. Old Welsh Cors, meaning â€Å"Horn,† the Horn of Plenty as the Grail is sometimes described may have become confused with the Old French Corps, producing Corps-Benoit meaning â€Å"Holy Body,† ie. the Body of Christ. More likely, however, is the suggestion that Corbenic stems from Corbin-Vicus. The ending is almost certainly derived from the Latin for â€Å"Settlement,† while Corben is a French translation of the word Crow or Raven: Bran in Welsh. This was also a man’s name and, as Brons, he appears as St. Joseph’s son-in-law, one of the first Grail Kings. Hence Corbenic was â€Å"Bran’s Settlement†. It may be identical to the home of Lancelot’s father, Caer-Benwick. Ancient Origins: The quest for a divine vessel was a popular theme in Arthurian legend long before medieval writers introduced the Holy Grail to British mythology. It appears in the Mabinogion tale of Culhwch and Olwen, but particularly well-known is the story of the Preiddeu Annwfn or â€Å"Spoils of the Otherworld† as recounted by Taliesin. Arthur and his warriors sail off to the Celtic Otherworld to capture the pearl-rimmed Cauldron of Annwfn: like the grail it was a giver of plenty, but also of prophecy. It was at last discovered at Caer-Siddi (or Wydyr), an island bound castle of glass, where it was guarded by nine divine maidens; but the ensuing perils were too much for even Arthur’s men. The mission was abandoned and only seven of their number returned home. Celtic Cauldrons were used in ceremonial feasting as early as the Late Bronze Age. Ritual deposits in Llyn Fawr (Glamorgan) included such vessels, though the best known example is the Gundestrup Cauldron found in the peat bogs of Jutland (Denmark). Highly decorated with portraits of many Celtic deities, this vessel would once have held up to twenty-eight and a half gallons of liquid. These finds clearly point to the religious importance of cauldrons, as found in the Arthurian stories and even older Celtic mythological parallels. The magic Otherworld vessel was the Cauldron of Ceridwen, the Celtic Goddess of Inspiration. She is remembered today in the archetypal hideous cauldron-stirring witch. She once set about brewing a drink of knowledge and wisdom for her hideous son, but her kitchen-boy, Gwion, accidentally tasted the concoction, preventing anyone else from benefitting from its affects. A great battle of wills ensued, for Gwion now held all the knowledge to escape the Goddess’ wrath. The two changed themselves into various animals in an attempt to outwit each other before Gwion was swallowed whole as a grain of wheat. He was eventually reborn as the great bard, Taliesin! The cauldron then reappears in the story of Bran Fendigaid (the Blessed), not only as a vessel of knowledge and plenty, but also of rebirth. The great Celtic warrior God, Bran, obtained his life-giving vessel from a giantess (or thinly veiled Ceridwen) who had been expelled from a Lake in Ireland. The Emerald Isle here personifies the Celtic Otherworld. The magic vessel would restore to life the body of any dead warrior placed within it: a scene apparently depicted on the Gundestrup Cauldron. Bran’s sister marries the King of Ireland and they are given the cauldron as a wedding gift. However, when hostilities between the two countries break out, Bran travels across the ocean to regain this dangerous prize. He is eventually successful, but is wounded by a poisoned spear and, like Arthur, only seven of his men return home. The name, the castle (already discussed), the wound, the mystic vessel, the journey: Bran Fendigaid is clearly Brons, the Grail King, son-in-law of Joseph of Arimathea. How to cite The Meaning of Holy Grail, Essay examples

The Meaning of Holy Grail Free Essays

The Tradition: The Holy Grail was a vessel used by Christ at the Last Supper. Given to his grand-uncle, St. Joseph of Arimathea, it was used by him to collect Christ’s blood and sweat while Joseph tended him on the Cross. We will write a custom essay sample on The Meaning of Holy Grail or any similar topic only for you Order Now After Christ’s death, Joseph was apparently imprisoned in a rock tomb similar to the one he had given for the body of his grand-nephew. Left to starve, he was sustained for several years by the power of the Grail which provided him with fresh food and drink every morning. Later, St. Joseph travelled to Britain with his family and several followers. He settled at Ynys Witrin (Glastonbury), but the Grail was taken to Corbenic where it was housed in a spectacular castle, guarded always by the Grail Kings, descendants of Joseph’s daughter, Anna (Enygeus) and her husband, Brons. Centuries later, the location of the Great Castle of Corbenic became forgotten. At the Court of King Arthur, however, it was prophesied that the Grail would one day be rediscovered by a descendant of St. Joseph: the best knight in the land, the only man capable of sitting in the mysterious Siege Perilous. When such a man arrived in the form of Galahad, the son of Lancelot, along with a miraculous, though brief, vision of the Grail itself, a quest to find this holiest of relics began. Through many adventures and many years, the Knights of the Round Table crossed Britain from one end to another in their search. Perceval (Peredyr) discovered the castle in a land that was sickly like its spear-wounded King. When entertained by this â€Å"Fisher† or â€Å"Grail King†, however, he failed to ask of the grail and left empty-hand. Lancelot next reached Corbenic, but was prevented from entering because of he was an adulterer. Finally Galahad arrived. He was permitted entry to the Grail Chapel and allowed to gaze upon the great cup. His life became complete and together grail and man were lifted up to heaven. The Names: The Holy Grail first appears as simply â€Å"a grail† in the works of Chretien de Troyes. The word is probably derived from the Old French word graal meaning a â€Å"broad and capacious dish or salver†. Though usually thought of as being a cup or chalice, the Grail has indeed been variously described as a platter, dish, a cornucopia, horn of plenty or even a book or a stone. The name of the Castle of Corbenic has competing explanations. Old Welsh Cors, meaning â€Å"Horn,† the Horn of Plenty as the Grail is sometimes described may have become confused with the Old French Corps, producing Corps-Benoit meaning â€Å"Holy Body,† ie. the Body of Christ. More likely, however, is the suggestion that Corbenic stems from Corbin-Vicus. The ending is almost certainly derived from the Latin for â€Å"Settlement,† while Corben is a French translation of the word Crow or Raven: Bran in Welsh. This was also a man’s name and, as Brons, he appears as St. Joseph’s son-in-law, one of the first Grail Kings. Hence Corbenic was â€Å"Bran’s Settlement†. It may be identical to the home of Lancelot’s father, Caer-Benwick. Ancient Origins: The quest for a divine vessel was a popular theme in Arthurian legend long before medieval writers introduced the Holy Grail to British mythology. It appears in the Mabinogion tale of Culhwch and Olwen, but particularly well-known is the story of the Preiddeu Annwfn or â€Å"Spoils of the Otherworld† as recounted by Taliesin. Arthur and his warriors sail off to the Celtic Otherworld to capture the pearl-rimmed Cauldron of Annwfn: like the grail it was a giver of plenty, but also of prophecy. It was at last discovered at Caer-Siddi (or Wydyr), an island bound castle of glass, where it was guarded by nine divine maidens; but the ensuing perils were too much for even Arthur’s men. The mission was abandoned and only seven of their number returned home. Celtic Cauldrons were used in ceremonial feasting as early as the Late Bronze Age. Ritual deposits in Llyn Fawr (Glamorgan) included such vessels, though the best known example is the Gundestrup Cauldron found in the peat bogs of Jutland (Denmark). Highly decorated with portraits of many Celtic deities, this vessel would once have held up to twenty-eight and a half gallons of liquid. These finds clearly point to the religious importance of cauldrons, as found in the Arthurian stories and even older Celtic mythological parallels. The magic Otherworld vessel was the Cauldron of Ceridwen, the Celtic Goddess of Inspiration. She is remembered today in the archetypal hideous cauldron-stirring witch. She once set about brewing a drink of knowledge and wisdom for her hideous son, but her kitchen-boy, Gwion, accidentally tasted the concoction, preventing anyone else from benefitting from its affects. A great battle of wills ensued, for Gwion now held all the knowledge to escape the Goddess’ wrath. The two changed themselves into various animals in an attempt to outwit each other before Gwion was swallowed whole as a grain of wheat. He was eventually reborn as the great bard, Taliesin! The cauldron then reappears in the story of Bran Fendigaid (the Blessed), not only as a vessel of knowledge and plenty, but also of rebirth. The great Celtic warrior God, Bran, obtained his life-giving vessel from a giantess (or thinly veiled Ceridwen) who had been expelled from a Lake in Ireland. The Emerald Isle here personifies the Celtic Otherworld. The magic vessel would restore to life the body of any dead warrior placed within it: a scene apparently depicted on the Gundestrup Cauldron. Bran’s sister marries the King of Ireland and they are given the cauldron as a wedding gift. However, when hostilities between the two countries break out, Bran travels across the ocean to regain this dangerous prize. He is eventually successful, but is wounded by a poisoned spear and, like Arthur, only seven of his men return home. The name, the castle (already discussed), the wound, the mystic vessel, the journey: Bran Fendigaid is clearly Brons, the Grail King, son-in-law of Joseph of Arimathea. How to cite The Meaning of Holy Grail, Essay examples

Review of Black Sound, Black Body free essay sample

Review of Black Sound, Black Body: Jim Hendrix, the Electric Guitar, and the Meanings of Blackness rearranging . Discuss the issue/topic of race in Western Culture during our courses era, and secondly, comment as to how it pertains to the career of Jim Hendrix. Your discussion could include a brief review of Steve Washmans article Black Sound, Black Body: Jim Hendrix, the Electric Guitar, and the Meanings of Blackness, haltingly the authors main points and conclusions.Black repression was still very much alive during Jell Hendrix time. Black artists Newer thought only to appeal to a black crowd, which created tours Like the Chill Occult, and successful white musicians making money of a black mans song, as was the case with Pat Bones cover of Tuttle Fruitful. However, It was during this time that many Americans began to see through the barriers separating the races. As Steve Washman highlights in his article Black Sound, Black Body: Jim Hendrix, the ElectricGuitar, and the Meanings of Blackness, much of what was unifying America was this idea that beyond our skin, we are really one and the same. We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Black Sound, Black Body or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Steve points out that Jim is able to cross over both race and gender lines in his appeal. Many Great Britain musicians who were being introduced to the blues scene through the music of Hendrix actually considered him a role model for their own attempts to transgress racial boundaries. However, Jim found that he was still stuck in this black territory, and as hard as he tried he could not truly shake this. Washman suggests that large reason for Isms decision to own his own studio was so that he could become invisible, removing himself from the demands of the stereotyping-public to a place of pure music, with nothing else attached. He yearned for a desire to be ;heard, not seen; listened to, not watched, however the boundaries between blacks and whites were forever separating people from one another.

Human resource Challenge Performance Evaluations

Introduction Human resource management is very critical in all companies because it qualifies to be the only department in a company that deals with control and management of human beings who are the most sensitive creatures. Getting a chance of declaring a particular department as effective or ineffective in an organization calls for strategies of measuring its performance.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Human resource Challenge: Performance Evaluations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There should be indicators and deliverables that a department like HR has to meet so as to gauge its progress concerning meeting the goals and objectives of the particular company. However, the department faces a challenge of ineffective performance evaluation. Most managers have become reluctant in performing these instructions because they constitute a normal process in the company to them. This leniency has led to late perform ance evaluations, which are against the principles of performance evaluation. The study will identify this evident problem of ineffective performance evaluation in organizations. It will also discuss Kotter’s change model in an attempt to show how it can resolve the problem. Besides, it will describe the steps to deal with the issue. Identification of the Problem Ineffective performance evaluation system brings a big challenge to the human resource management. Performance evaluation is a tool used to assist in advancing the efficiency of job. It ensures that workers do their work efficiently and effectively. Proper performance evaluation system controls the job that needs to be performed. It advances workers’ morale to work, dedication, and performance. It also helps to identify the goals and objectives for the workers besides ensuring that the basic needs for any organization are met. The main importance of proper performance evaluation is that it gives a chance for t ransparent communication about performance expectations and feedback to know the wants of the workers’ bosses and to boost their own performance for individual gains. Workers appreciate feedback, which is given on time and in a non-threatening state. Ineffective performance system affects the management of human resource through untimely evaluations. Ineffective performance evaluation leads to low productivity of employees and inefficiency in work. It also demoralizes the employees because they know that no one is entrusted with their operations at the end of the day. HRM is a very critical department in the company because it deals with workers who are also the determinants of success of that very company. It is wise to manage them well and or ensure that they attain job satisfaction in the organization. This goal is achievable through elimination of the ineffective performance evaluation systems and introducing proper performance appraisal strategies, which enable the achie vement of timely evaluation decisions.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With this hint in mind, many researchers have sought to come up with strategies that can help minimize HR challenges such as the issue under scrutiny. Such people including Kurt Lewin and John Kotter invented models that could be employed to lead change in organizations. While the former researcher invented the ‘unfreeze-move-freeze’ model, the latter is the author of the most preferred model that forms the basis of the paper: Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model (Nauheimer, 2009). Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model Kotter’s change model can play a big role in solving the issue of ineffective performance evaluation. The first step of Kotter is the creation of urgency. This step argues that, for any change to take place, it is important for all the members of a company to acknowledge it . Market and aggressive facts should be checked. Identification of potential crisis or major opportunities is crucial. This step urges companies to avail confirmation from outside the organization that performance evaluation is necessary and a matter of urgency that will win the interest of the whole company hence making the process achievable. The second step of Kotter’s model is forming a powerful coalition or the leading team (Nauheimer, 2009). This strategy can be of much help to eliminate the problem of late evaluation. It is good to convince people that evaluation is necessary. It needs support from key people in the company. Since one person cannot manage the process of evaluation, it is important for the head to form a lineup of people who are influential to accomplish the task together. The third step in Kotter’s model is the formulation of a vision for change. This step is very vital in performance evaluation. It enables people to remain focused to the proces s of evaluation. Many great ideas and solutions start flowing around when mangers have the change they need at heart. Therefore, for the evaluation to be grasped and remembered by the managers, it has to be linked to the overall vision. Companies need to see the essence of timely evaluations relative to their goals and objectives. An untimely evaluation might lead to the closure of an organization especially if the evaluation reveals that the company is out of track. The whole issue will be blamed to HR. Moreover, a plan to implement the vision of the evaluation process should be created. This plan will ensure that the vision is achieved. After the creation of the vision, it is advisable to communicate the vision. According to Kotter’s model, success in the company is determined by what is done with the vision after it is thought of by the managers. As Nauheimer (2009) posits, managers should communicate and talk about the vision of the performance evaluation in every availab le chance to enable members to consider timely evaluation a priority.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Human resource Challenge: Performance Evaluations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Every need to administer a change in an organization faces oppositions from those who might not be for the change. Such oppositions cite reasons such as finance and timing as obstacles behind the change. Kotter’s fifth step therefore addresses the removal of such obstacles or rather coming up with an empowering strategy (Nauheimer, 2009). This step is very crucial in performance evaluation because it recognizes and awards all people in the company who support performance evaluation to enable them continue with the morale. It also helps in removal of the barriers, which hinder the vision of performance evaluation from being achieved. Formation of short-lived wins as a step in Kotter’s change model assists in the issue of performance evaluation because an overall evaluation vision may take long to be realized hence discouraging people. It is advisable to let the staff see the results of the change and feel the victory of the evaluation process in the shortest period. After ensuring that the staff people experience short-term wins, building the change should be considered a priority at this stage. Kotter’s seventh step believes that true change runs deep because most of the projects tend to collapse due to an early declaration of victory. It is therefore important to analyze what has to be improved and or what went right after every success to ensure that the performance evaluation is following the right track. The last Kotter’s step is to fasten the changes in a business culture (Nauheimer, 2009). This strategy is very beneficial in the performance evaluation because it will ensure that performance evaluation becomes one of the values in the company, and that it will always remain i n the minds of every staff member hence ensuring sustainability of the performance evaluation. The steps to be taken to deal with the issue of ineffective performance evaluation system There are several steps, which should be taken to ensure that there is effective performance evaluation. The first step is the reviewing of progress whereby the HR should look at the previous evaluation for deficiencies in performance in an attempt to confirm if they have been corrected or whether they continue to be a problem. If they continue to be an issue, they have to be noted in the evaluation to enable the creation of urgency for the continued problems as elaborated by the Kotter’s change model. The next step in conducting effective performance is the analysis, which is important for identification of gaps between the anticipated and actual performance. After the identification of the training need, a leader can form a coalition or a team, which enables him or her to execute the evaluati on process. The next step in effective performance evaluation is analyzing the root of the gaps.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Actual performance falls short of expected performance and that management assumes that employees must try harder. It is very important â€Å"to analyze the reason for a gap between the expected and the actual performance† (Nauheimer, 2009). This information will enable development of the performance evaluation vision, which will always guide the staff member to remain dedicated to the process of evaluation. After the analysis of the causes of the gaps, the following step is the evaluation meeting. The meeting should be scheduled with employees in the performance evaluation. At this meeting, employees should be at ease. The evaluation vision is communicated and employees’ views listened to and put into consideration. Strategies and tactics to be used in the performance evaluation should be well tested. It is important to note that not all performance evaluation methods work equally well in every organization. One should consider the class of workers to be appraised i.e . â€Å"managers vs. non-managers, the types of jobs they perform, the nature of the relationship between employees and managers, and the purpose the evaluation intends to serve† (Nauheimer, 2009). Conclusion In conclusion, ineffective performance evaluation attracts a very great challenge to human resource through untimely appraisals and late evaluation decisions. However, this paper has discussed Kotter’s change model and its implications in the improvement of the performance evaluation system. The paper has also discussed the steps, which will be involved in coming up with an effective performance evaluation. After the application of the steps, a company will be able to experience successful change and never to experience any other late evaluations. This paper has focused on performance evaluation management, which will ensure that there are zero late performance evaluations moving forward. This management process will induce companies to come up with better perform ance evaluation systems, which will enable managers to do the performance evaluations on time hence enabling the HR management department also to organize the employees in a better and recommendable way. It will also be beneficial to the company at large because the weakest worker of that the company determines its strength. Moreover, a company is made up of employees. If they are well managed, there is a high and efficient productivity. Reference Nauheimer, H. (2009). Change Model 3: John Kotter’s 8 Steps of Leading Change. Web. This essay on Human resource Challenge: Performance Evaluations was written and submitted by user Amanda Mcgee to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Overview of the Chinese Yangshao Culture

Overview of the Chinese Yangshao Culture The Yangshao culture is the term for an ancient civilization that existed in what is now central China (Henan, Shanxi, and Shaanxi provinces primarily) between the years 5000 and 3000 B.C.E. It was first discovered in 1921 the name â€Å"Yangshao† is taken from the name of the village where it was first discovered but since its initial discovery, thousands of sites have been uncovered. The most important site, Banpo, was found in 1953. Facets of the Yangshao Culture Agriculture was of paramount importance to the Yangshao people, and they produced many crops, although millet was particularly common. They also grew vegetables (mostly root vegetables) and raised livestock including chicken, pigs, and cows. These animals were mostly not generally raised for slaughter, though, as meat was eaten only on special occasions. Understanding of animal husbandry is thought to have increased significantly during this time. Although the Yangshao people had a primitive understanding of agriculture, they also fed themselves in part via hunting, gathering, and fishing. They accomplished this through the use of precisely-crafted stone tools including arrows, knives, and axes. They also used stone tools such as chisels in their farming work. In addition to stone, the Yangshao also cared intricate bone tools. The Yangshao lived together in houses huts, really built in pits with wooden frames holding up mud-plastered walls and thatched millet roofs. These houses were clustered in groups of five, and clusters of houses were arranged around a village’s central square. The perimeter of the village was a furrow, outside which were a communal kiln and cemetery. The kiln was used for the creation of pottery, and it is this pottery that has truly impressed archaeologists. The Yangshao were capable of making a significant variety of pottery shapes, including urns, basins, tripod containers, bottles of various shapes, and jars, many of which came with decorative covers or accessories shaped like animals. They were even capable of making complex, purely ornamental designs, like boat shapes. Yangshao pottery was also often painted with intricate designs, often in earth tones. Unlike more recent pottery cultures, it appears the Yangshao never developed pottery wheels. One of the most famous pieces, for example, is an exquisite basin painted with a fishlike design and a human face, originally used as a burial object and perhaps indicative of a Yangshao belief in animal totems. Yangshao children seem to have been often buried in painted pottery jars. In terms of clothing, the Yangshao people wore mostly hemp, which they wove themselves into simple shapes like loincloths and cloaks. They did also occasionally make silk and it’s possible some Yangshao villages even cultivated silkworms, but silk clothing was rare and mostly the province of the rich. Banpo Civilization Site The Banpo site, first discovered in 1953, is considered typical of the Yangshao culture. It consisted of a village area of about 12 acres, surrounded by a ditch (which may once have been a moat) nearly 20 feet wide. As described above, the houses were mud and wood huts with thatched roofs, and the dead were buried in a communal cemetery. Although it’s not clear to what extent, if at all, the Yangshao people had any sort of written language, Banpo pottery does contain a number of symbols (22 have been found so far) that are found repeatedly on different pieces of pottery. They tend to appear alone, and so almost certainly do not constitute true written language, they may be something akin to makers’ signatures, clan markings, or the marks of owners. There is some debate as to whether the Banpo site  and the Yangshao culture as a whole were matriarchal or patriarchal. The Chinese archaeologists initially investigating it reported it had been a matriarchal society, but newer research suggests that may not be the case, or that it might have been a society in the process of transferring from matriarchy to patriarchy.